Diet reconstruction using next-generation sequencing increases the known ecosystem usage by a shorebird

Abstract

Molecular scatology and next-generation sequencing identified previously unknown linkages among ecosystems in the diet of Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) in the Bay of Fundy, Canada. During their annual migratory stopover, sandpipers consumed a wider range of prey items than previously thought, suggesting that they are not selecting for the amphipod Corophium volutator, and are acting as generalist foragers. Our analysis identified several novel prey items – arachnids, crabs, bivalves, several terrestrial and freshwater insect species, ctenophores, cnidarians, and fish (likely eggs or juveniles) – indicating that sandpipers consume prey from marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems. Connections between sandpipers and freshwater as well as terrestrial ecosystems were previously unknown in the Bay of Fundy. Current conservation efforts directed towards sandpipers focus on beach and intertidal habitats; however, we may also need to consider the surrounding freshwater and terrestrial habitat.